Schmidt, Florian A. Crowd design, 2017 CIP galley (Crowdsourcing)

ProQuest thesaurus, July 28, 2017 (Crowdsourcing; BT, Sourcing)

Yahoo search, July 28, 2017 (a few results show "crowd sourcing" most show crowdsourcing)

Wikipedia, viewed July 28, 2017 (crowdsourcing; specific sourcing model in which individuals or organizations use contributions from Internet users to obtain needed services or ideas; crowdsourcing was coined in 2005 as a portmanteau of crowd and outsourcing; does not have to be online: gives retrospective examples of the concept, such as using competitions to discover a solution, often rewarded monitarily)

Merriam-Webster, viewed July 28, 2017 (Crowdsourcing: the practice of obtaining needed services, ideas, or content by soliciting contributions from a large group of people and especially from the online community rather than from traditional employees or suppliers)

Sherman, Aliza. The complete idiot's guide to crowdsourcing, 2011: introduction (Crowdsourcing is a process, or a set of processes, that leverages the Internet and our ability to gather gropus--or crowds--of people onine to get something done)